Understanding
Coughing up blood or hemoptysis is a condition when a person bleeds when coughing. Coughing up blood is a symptom or sign of a respiratory tract disease. The volume of blood coming out with cough varies, depending on the rate and location of bleeding.
The most frequent causes of coughing up blood include:
- Lung Tuberculosis (Pulmonary TB) Infection
- Lung cancer
- Pulmonary edema, due to heart problems
- Airway irritation
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of coughing up blood begins with medical interviews and physical examinations. Examinations performed can include blood tests, or thoracic examination through x-rays to show the patient's lung picture.
To find out clearly the cause of coughing up blood, the patient needs to do a bronchoscopy examination. This is a procedure performed by inserting a device called a bronchoscope through the throat, larynx, trachea into the bronchi. Bronscopy examination will record and provide an overview of the patient's airway condition.
The diagnosis of coughing up blood begins with medical interviews and physical examinations. Examinations performed can include blood tests, or thoracic examination through x-rays to show the patient's lung picture.
To find out clearly the cause of coughing up blood, the patient needs to do a bronchoscopy examination. This is a procedure performed by inserting a device called a bronchoscope through the throat, larynx, trachea into the bronchi. Bronscopy examination will record and provide an overview of the patient's airway condition.
Symptoms
Symptoms that can be complained of by patients with coughing blood depend on the underlying cause. For example, if the cause of coughing up blood is Tuberculosis infection, the symptoms that are complained of are night sweats, shortness of breath, and weight loss.
Whereas if the cause is lung cancer, then the symptoms that patients complain about can be pain in the lung area, weight loss, shortness of breath and signs of the spread of cancer to other organs.
Symptoms that can be complained of by patients with coughing blood depend on the underlying cause. For example, if the cause of coughing up blood is Tuberculosis infection, the symptoms that are complained of are night sweats, shortness of breath, and weight loss.
Whereas if the cause is lung cancer, then the symptoms that patients complain about can be pain in the lung area, weight loss, shortness of breath and signs of the spread of cancer to other organs.
Treatment
The first and most important step in the treatment of coughing blood is maintaining the airway condition. This is necessary, because blood in the airways can cause respiratory failure and be fatal. Giving oxygen supplementation, and maintaining a hemodynamic state is very necessary.
If the situation is more stable, many conditions can be done in the blood cough bronchoscopy procedure to find the source and cause of bleeding. Once the source is known, an injection of epinephrine or pressing with a balloon can be done.
The first and most important step in the treatment of coughing blood is maintaining the airway condition. This is necessary, because blood in the airways can cause respiratory failure and be fatal. Giving oxygen supplementation, and maintaining a hemodynamic state is very necessary.
If the situation is more stable, many conditions can be done in the blood cough bronchoscopy procedure to find the source and cause of bleeding. Once the source is known, an injection of epinephrine or pressing with a balloon can be done.
Prevention
Some cases of blood coughing are caused by abnormalities in the lungs and airways.
In order not to elongate and cause other complications, precautions that must be taken are to adopt a healthy lifestyle, stay away from air pollution by using a mask, stop smoking or avoid exposure to cigarette smoke, and take cough medicines or other supporting drugs according to the doctor's prescription.
Some cases of blood coughing are caused by abnormalities in the lungs and airways.
In order not to elongate and cause other complications, precautions that must be taken are to adopt a healthy lifestyle, stay away from air pollution by using a mask, stop smoking or avoid exposure to cigarette smoke, and take cough medicines or other supporting drugs according to the doctor's prescription.
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